Overseas trade statistics refers to the work of collecting, sorting out and analyzing the export and import of commodities in a country by using statistical theory and methods. China's
overseas trade statistics include foreign business statistics and customs statistics. The former is mainly for the foreign trade business department to investigate, sort out and analyze the quantity aspects of its economic activities, including export transaction and delivery, purchase and transfer of export goods, import order and arrival, quantity price, amount, commodity category, country and export shore, etc., while the latter is mainly for the Customs Department to investigate the quantity aspects of its economic activities Sorting out and analyzing, involving the total amount, total amount, export exceeding, import exceeding, country, port type and other aspects of import and export goods.
The main indicators of
overseas trade statistics are as follows:
Physical quantity of import (export) commodities and transportation volume (quantity) of import (export) commodities measured by the unit of measurement of each commodity. It is not affected by the fluctuation of goods price, the change of international currency exchange rate, the different valuation methods and valuation methods. Due to the different units of measurement of different categories of goods, or because the difference in unit price value is too large, it can not be summarized directly.
The amount of import (export) and import is the total value of a country's imports from abroad in a certain period of time. It is calculated on the basis of CIF, the value of the goods at the time of sale, plus the freight and insurance charges for the goods to the border of the importing country. Export volume is the total value of a country's exports to foreign countries in a certain period of time. It is calculated on the basis of FOB, that is, the value of delivery on board the ship (or train, car) at the border of the exporting country, including export tax, domestic tax of the exporting country and similar other expenses.
To sum up the import and export of all countries in the same currency unit (usually US dollar), we can get the total world import and total world export. It reflects the scale of a country's foreign trade. In addition to the amount of imports and exports, it is also commonly expressed by the total amount of imports and exports, that is, the total amount of imports and exports.
The difference between a country's imports and exports in a certain period of time is called the foreign trade difference. If the export volume is larger than the import volume, it is called surplus or excess of foreign trade; if the export volume is smaller than the import volume, it is called deficit or excess of foreign trade; if the export volume is equal to the import volume, it is called balance of foreign trade.
